Public Relations Situation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advertising Situation - Assignment Example They could likewise solid hostile relying upon selection of words utilized comparable to the way of life of the intended interest group. It ought to be noticed that social assorted variety envelops contrasts in language, religion, convictions, social angles, race and ethnicity as supported by Chia and Synnott (2009). A portion of these components are anything but difficult to change and some are most certainly not. This implies the advertising experts ought to have the option to change in accordance with the social parts of the different crowds of an association. Grunig and Toth (2006) clarify that they ought to have the option to exhibit a mindfulness, comprehension and affectability to their societies and associations between the different societies. It ought to likewise be noticed that the crowd in advertising are increasingly liquid and this requires sufficient reaction to this. This must be accomplished if there is adequate adaptability among advertising to adjust to an evolving world. Successful advertising experts or offices are those that have perceived and recognized the significant truth that segregation is undesirable for business. They ought to likewise have perceived the significance of exploiting a multi-social networks and how quick this open door is developing. Hain (2008) calls attention to that if advertising experts or divisions were to understand this, they would have the option to empower their organizations or customers to misuse the social decent variety in their general public or target area. As noted in the presentation, circumstance investigation is the place an association assesses the fundamental correspondence issues it faces. A mindfulness in social assorted variety expands the competency of advertising experts to take note of these issues and counsel associations on the most proficient method to react... The paper makes an end that every association has its own desires, qualities and convictions that shape its advertising. Social mindfulness among advertising specialists is in this way significant in guaranteeing that the messages they give about the association reacts to social decent variety while keeping up consistency with the convictions, qualities and desires for the association. For instance on the off chance that association has confidence in and values an assorted workforce, at that point the organisation’s advertising office will have greater power to incorporate experts from changed foundations and angles. The paper endorses that multicultural mindfulness expands the expert importance of advertising specialists. It additionally showcases them because of expanding request by numerous organizations to speak to the nearby and worldwide multicultural networks. The paper portrays the primary concern behind varieties in culture is contrasts in points of view prompting contrasts in inclinations. This makes social mindfulness a basic competency among advertising professionals and the advertising office staff. The attention to social assorted variety builds the expert importance of advertising specialists in view of the expanding decent variety both in the neighborhood and worldwide networks. So as to increase an upper hand and increment their pieces of the overall industry, advertising firms exploits the developing social assorted variety and targets or recruits individuals of settler root.

Good Cholesterol and Breast Cancer risk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Great Cholesterol and Breast Cancer chance - Essay Example This wonder diminishes the danger of heart maladies and yet HDL additionally animates movement and initiates signal transduction pathways in the human bosom malignant growth cell lines, consequently acting like an impetus in the advancement of bosom disease. In this way thumping down the HDL receptor, SR-BI by some pharmacological approachs assume a basic job in directing cell expansion and relocation, along these lines controlling the development of tumor cells, and consequently SR-BI can be basically utilized in the treatment of bosom malignant growth in people. The Popular article, Good cholesterol and bosom malignant growth chance clarifies about the above point by point essential research article in a fresh way. In spite of the fact that HDL that is, acceptable cholesterol is useful for wellbeing and acts like a defensive shield against heart issue, it negatively affects bosom malignancy advancement in people. Higher the degree of HDL in blood, higher is the danger of creating b osom disease. In this manner restricting the HDL receptor, SR-BI the quick expansion of tumor cells were seen as extraordinarily decreased. The famous article additionally connects with Dr. Philippe Frank, leader of the exploration group and a disease scholar in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Thomas Jefferson University who weights on the significance of developing increasingly explicit medications to repress SR-BI and the more secure degree of HDL to be referenced in malignant growth patients. How it identifies with the subject †‘Gender, Science and Technology’ Both the articles are interlinked and have a solid relationship with the topic of ‘Gender, Science and Technology’. The primary focal point of both the articles is about the treatment for bosom malignant growth. In spite of the fact that the specific reason for bosom malignant growth is as yet a theme under research, breaking down the hazard elements can show who is wel l on the way to build up the infection. Way of life decisions, hereditary clutters and drugs taken for an illnesses might be a portion of the hazard factors for building up the malady yet some hazard factors are increasingly powerless, especially one’s ‘Gender’. Bosom malignant growth is generally normal in ladies since they have more bosom tissue than men. Bosom disease causes incorporate what invigorates the bosom tissue to develop and create. Female family members can likewise be a hazard factor for getting bosom disease. On the off chance that one’s mother, sister or girl have bosom malignant growth, the odds of getting the sickness is multiplied. Despite the fact that disease of a few kinds is the main source of death on the planet, clinical science and innovation has enabled individuals to settle on extraordinary choices by coordinating them with present day and propelled treatment alternatives dependent on singular states of the patients. Present da y science and innovation has upset the bosom malignant growth explore treatments and now odds of beating bosom disease are obviously superior to in prior days. Principle Scientific Claim The creators guarantee that their assessment about the job of HDL and SR-BI in the guideline of cell flagging pathways in bosom malignant growth cell lines and improvement of tumors show that, HDL can animate the sign transduction pathways in the human bosom disease cell lines. At that point, quicken the arrangement of tumors and subsequently wrecking of HDL receptor, SR-BI constrains the

Mobile Marketing for Dummies

Mobile Marketing for Dummies Today’s phones have advanced far beyond the simple devices used to make telephone calls. With text messaging, internet connections, camera and other applications available anywhere in the world â€" all in the palm of your hand â€" the cell phone has become more than a communication device, it is a full service piece of technology. In an effort to leverage every avenue of reaching potential customers, companies and marketing experts have begun using mobile marketing campaigns. © Shutterstock.com | Julia TimThis article will explore 1) the types for mobile marketing, 2) facts and figures of mobile marketing, 3) tips for optimizing mobile marketing, and 4) strategies for mobile marketing.TYPES FOR MOBILE MARKETINGMobile marketing is more than simply sending advertisements to a mobile phone. There are specific regulations that must be followed, and different types for marketing. Some of the types of mobile marketing are: SMS / MMS, Mobile App, Location-based marketing, QR barcodes, Pay per Call, Mobile banner ads. Below there are described some of the most successful types of mobile marketing strategy:Permission Based MarketingAs mobile marketing is considered a branch of internet marketing, the idea of mobile marketing seems easy enough â€" send advertisements and notifications to potential customers via their cell phones. However, the reality is that mobile marketing has specific requirements and regulations that users must follow to take advantage of this service. Because of this, mobile marketing is dependent on permission based marketing.Permission based marketing relies on collecting the customer’s phone number through various means; either requesting it in return to a service, or as a subscription that generates rewards, as an example. The customer must opt-in to receive marketing material on their mobile device, and must be given the opportunity to opt-out of future messages.Text and multi-media messages (SMS MMS)Text and multi-media messaging, often known as Short Message Service (SMS) and Multi-Media Service (MMS), is the process of sending out information to customers in quick, large batches. Text and multi-media messages can be used to tell of upcoming events, daily coupons, new products or sales that may be of interest to customers. In exchange for allowing the company to send marketing via text and multi-media, many companies offer free services or discounts to customers.SMS and MMS marketing is extremely cost efficien t; one text message can be sent to large numbers of people at one time. Generally handled through a marketing service for a low monthly fee, text message reports can give the company immediate information regarding the success or failure of the marketing campaign.Push NotificationsA variant on text message marketing, push notifications are alerts that are sent through apps on the customer’s phone. To receive push notifications, the customer must first download a specific company’s app, and then must agree to receive their notifications. Once the customer begins receiving the alerts, they have the option to turn notifications off if they find the messages intrusive or bothersome.Push notifications that have the highest rate of success are relevant to the customer, personalized and offer enticing information that keep customers engaged. In order to improve even more the the relationship with already established customer, the company can use GPS location to send notifications based on their location or build on customer behavior.Location Based ServicesSkillful mobile marketing strategies include a combination of push notifications, text messages and location based services. Location based services are already being utilized as a means of identifying contact information and location details of a company. For mobile marketing purposes, location based services goes beyond the standard phone book information and combines the act of shopping with the use of online marketing.Location based services can include click-to-call options on an app, QR codes, mobile coupons, or Geo-Fencing. These specialized offers and marketing methods can engage with the customer based on their physical proximity to a company’s location â€" making it more likely that a customer will take advantage of the offers presented.Quick Response codesQR codes are the square barcodes (black white) that can be scanned by a customer using a mobile phone. Whenever the code was read and recognized by a mobile phone, customer can read more about the product behind the barcode, as well as getting information on promotions, discounts, business informations, and so on.What is Mobile Marketing? MOBILE MARKETING FACTS AND FIGURESWhen considering embarking on a mobile marketing strategy, one must determine if the ROI is worth the initial effort and investment. Careful examination of recent statistics gives an indication of how pervasive the use of mobile devices has become, and can provide motivation for starting a mobile marketing strategy.Number of People with Mobile PhonesAccording to Pew Internet Research, over 90% of American adults own a cell phone, and over 58% have a smart phone. Of those users, 67% of those users report checking their cell phone for messages, alerts and notifications â€" even if their phone has not vibrated or rung.Globally, over 14 countries have cell phone subscriptions that number over 100 million. These 14 countries account for 61% of the world’s mobi le subscribers.Of the 6.8 billion people on the planet, over 4 billion report owning a cell phone while only 3.5 billion people own their own toothbrush. Interestingly, 90% of cell phone owners report having their phone within reach 24/7.Usage Rates of PhonesSo what are customers doing with their phones? The average person sends over 400 text messages a month. An astonishing 74% of American cell users report they use their phone for directions or to find locations, and approximately 15% of users ‘check-in’ with social media at various locations.More than simply a social tool, cell phones are increasingly being used to conduct business, process payments and more. In fact, 80% of cell phone users indicate that they plan on making a purchase via mobile commerce within the next year.MOBILE STRATEGIESWith the information you’ve gathered, how do you put the pieces of the puzzle together to create a mobile marketing strategy that works?Optimize for MobileThe newest form of telemarket ing â€" using the mobile phone â€" has opened a whole new frontier for advertising and brand recognition. Optimize your website for mobile devices, and don’t be afraid to make drastic changes in the next year. Use a responsive design for your site. Responsive sites automatically adjust based on the size of the screen the page is being viewed on. Test your site on several different devices to make sure that the main features of the page are transformed properly.Location ServicesStill an under-used feature of mobile marking, the location services features offers a world of exciting new marketing opportunities. Use the customer’s location to generate specific offers and coupons, use additional information gathered to target specific items or services. This can be done through push-based location services.With location services, you can ask your customers to connect with you in a meaningful way. Ask customers to check-in when they get to your place of business. Offer special deals f or group check-ins that are checking in together. Provide a simple task that they must complete before receiving a bonus offer, extra discount or sale. By targeting your customers effectively, you can develop an entirely new line of customers before they even step in 6th grade.Text MessagingWith the increasing number of people sending text messages every day, the use of this feature as a marketing tool is essential. Text message campaigns must always include opt-out features, and need to be careful to not be considered spam. Include elements of storytelling to help keep customer interest and act as a hook that brings the customer back time and time again.The text message can be a powerful, quick method of providing customers with a chance to take action. Informing them about an upcoming sale, new store hours or polling customers about how they use your product are all interactive methods of reaching customers outside the traditional means.Mobile AppsMobile apps add more expense to t he media marketing plan, but can be a great way to develop engagement with customers in a way that a simple website cannot achieve. Mobile apps should have their own value â€" not simply be a copycat version of the original site.QR CodesAlong with mobile apps, QR codes are another tool in the media strategy toolbox that may work for your business. These special codes can be used to track analytics, give additional information or special coupons or discounts. QR codes can be printed on brochures, newspapers, special mailers and more. They are useful when the web address is long, to provide interaction with the company and share coupons or special offers.Putting the power of the mobile marketing machine to work for your company is an effective way to maximize advertising dollars. By capitalizing in the areas where there is a high percentage of users, then you will be offering customers another opportunity to discover what you have to offer. Further, by embracing the technology trend, you’ll be ahead of the other companies who continue to rely on traditional marketing. When mobile marketing is done right, it gives customers a positive perspective on your company, and provides up to four times the likelihood that the consumer will make a purchase. In addition, the inclusion of mobile marketing to a marketing strategy is like adding layers â€" they overlap and intertwine and support one another. A multi-faceted strategy will provide a means for moving from text messages to the internet, from a push notification to the text; all designed to continue the engagement with the customer and convert them from a mobile shopper to a committed consumer.AnalyticsNo matter how great the marketing strategy may be, if there is no measurement standard, there is no concrete way to determine the strategy’s success. Using information gathered based on the customer’s requests and interaction, analytics can give you specific data about the success or failure of your mobile marke ting media strategy.Finding out what action the customer took after receiving your mobile media message can help provide guidance of how to word your campaigns, what time to send your notifications and more. The analyst can provide insight into how social media has been affecting the future for customers. If there is a good customer response, the analytics will reflect the success of the strategy. Perhaps push notifications got better results when they were preceded by an email campaign. Knowing when the customer receives their notifications can also provide insight into how the ads perform, what the reaction to the notification was and even how long the customer stayed on the page reading the information.The copious amounts of data collected by cell providers offer more information than any company could hope to use. Select some areas that you feel strongly about and then develop a strategy to include that area in your next analytics report. If you are increasing the number of text messages being sent weekly, track the response rate in your analytics program to determine if the increased number is helping.Effective Mobile Marketing Strategies to Get New Customers Quick! TIPS FOR OPTIMIZING MOBILE MARKETINGAs technology advances, customers are becoming savvier and have begun to demand more from the consumers who want their attention. Not content to simply stare at a picture of a product as a motivation to purchase, today’s marketing efforts are showcased through high quality video, relevant content, engaging storytelling and a distinct call to action.Customers today are selective in what they will allow into their phone â€" and so they are even more discriminating of the material allowed onto their screen. How can you optimize the marketing strategy that you’ve developed for mobile devices?Mobile DisplayThe visual appeal of a site is one of the site’s most important features. Consumers report that if a site they are visiting has a website that is poorly designed, they will simply not mention the website to their family or friends.Make the most of the interaction the customer has with your mobile marketing. Offer the customer a clear call to action â€" they are in a unique position to respond immediately. Provide the customer with the chance to engage right away.Focus on the customer. Using the latest technology tools, companies can identify customers based on their shopping habits, their location, and their recent purchases. Targeting your customer in an individualized manner automatically creates a connection, and demonstrates that your company is aware of the importance of each customer. Companies that utilize generalized, non-specific marketing methods are often dismayed with the results, as their conversion rates are typically low. To truly capitalize on your marketing method, be intentional in your marketing efforts and focus on the individual customers.Mobile WebsitesMany companies incorrectly assume that their mobile site mu st be a clone of the original website. The mobile site doesn’t need to outshine the internet site, nor does it require the use of bells and whistles. Of utmost importance is the optimization of the site for use on multiple platforms and devices. The site needs to load quickly, be clean and functional.In the mobile platform, the motto of ‘Less is more” could become a standard battle cry. Instead of trying to cram everything deemed important about you and your company onto the front page of your mobile website, allow the customer to explore and engage with the company. Remember that without quality contest, the most entertaining site will quickly become meaningless. Focus on providing meaningful, rich content, and then build on entertainment and excitement.Maintain your focus on the customer by maximizing location based services, if available. Keeping the most recent articles and postings near the top will allow users to find the newest material quickly.Mobile AppsPerhaps more t han anything else, the most pressing issue facing mobile apps is to ensure that they work. Apps should be beta tested on a variety of devices and operating systems to make sure that they work across the board. The app should be free, easy to get and user friendly.There are few things more frustrating than getting ready to use a feature of your phone, only to discover that the battery is dead (again!). Be respectful of customer’s cell phones. While it is easy to get caught up in the frenzy of sending out notifications after notification, make sure that the person receiving the river rock will have the opportunity to opt-out as needed or desired. Large, slow apps that constantly put a drain on the battery will most likely be deleted or ignored by the customer.Best Practices for Mobile Marketing Campaigns

Tiger I Tank in World War II

The Tiger I was a German heavy tank that saw extensive service during World War II. Mounting the 88 mm KwK 36 L/56 gun and thick armor, the Tiger proved formidable in combat and forced the Allies to alter their armor tactics and develop new weapons to counter it. Though effective on the battlefield, the Tiger was badly over-engineered making it difficult to maintain and expensive to produce. Additionally, its heavy weight increased fuel consumption, limiting range, and made it hard to transport to the front. One of the iconic tanks of the conflict, over 1,300 Tiger Is were built. Design Development Design work on the Tiger I initially began in 1937 at Henschel Sohn in response to a call from the Waffenamt (WaA, German Army Weapons Agency) for breakthrough vehicle (Durchbruchwagen). Moving forward, the first Durchbruchwagen prototypes were dropped a year later in favor of pursuing the more advanced medium VK3001(H) and heavy VK3601(H) designs. Pioneering the overlapping and interleaved main road wheel concept for tanks, Henschel received permission from WaA on September 9, 1938, to continue development. Work progressed as World War II began with the design morphing into the VK4501 project. Despite their stunning victory in France in 1940, the German Army quickly learned that its tanks were weaker and more vulnerable than the French S35 Souma or the British Matilda series. Moving to address this issue, an arms meeting was convened on May 26, 1941, where Henschel and Porsche were asked to submit designs for a 45 tonne heavy tank. Tiger I tank under construction at Henschel plant. Bundesarchiv, Bild 146-1972-064-61 / CC-BY-SA 3.0 To meet this request, Henschel brought forward two versions of its VK4501 design featuring an 88 mm gun and a 75 mm gun respectively. With the invasion of the Soviet Union the following month, the German Army was stunned to encounter armor that was vastly superior to their tanks. Fighting the T-34 and KV-1, German armor found that their weapons were unable to penetrate the Soviet tanks in most circumstances. The only weapon that proved effective was the 88 mm KwK 36 L/56 gun. In response, WaA immediately ordered that prototypes be equipped with the 88 mm and ready by April 20, 1942. In trials at Rastenburg, the Henschel design proved superior and was selected for production under the initial designation Panzerkampfwagen VI Ausf. H. While Porsche had lost the competition, he provided the nickname Tiger. Essentially moved into production as a prototype, the vehicle was altered throughout its run. Tiger I DimensionsLength: 20 ft. 8 in.Width: 11 ft. 8 in.Height: 9 ft. 10 in.Weight: 62.72 tonsArmor ArmamentPrimary Gun: 1 x 8.8 cm KwK 36 L/56Secondary Armament: 2 x 7.92 mm Maschinengewehr 34Armor: 0.98–4.7 in.EngineEngine: 690 hp Maybach HL230 P45Speed: 24 mphRange: 68-120 milesSuspension: Torsion SpringCrew: 5 Features Unlike the German Panther tank, the Tiger I did not draw inspiration from the T-34. Rather than incorporate the Soviet tanks sloping armor, the Tiger sought to compensate by mounting thicker and heavier armor. Featuring firepower and protection at the expense of mobility, the Tigers look and layout were derived from the earlier Panzer IV. For protection, the Tigers armor ranged from 60 mm on the side hull plates to 120 mm at the front of the turret. Building on the experience garnered on the Eastern Front, the Tiger I mounted the formidable 88 mm Kwk 36 L/56 gun. This gun was aimed using Zeiss Turmzielfernrohr TZF 9b/9c sights and was renowned for its accuracy at long range. For power, the Tiger I featured a 641 hp, 21-litre, 12-cylinder Maybach HL 210 P45 engine. Inadequate for the tanks massive 56.9 tonne weight, it was replaced after the 250th production model with a 690 hp HL 230 P45 engine. Featuring torsion bar suspension, the tank used a system of interleaved, overlapping road wheels running on a wide 725 mm (28.5 in) wide track. Due to the extreme weight of the Tiger, a new twin radius type steering system was developed for the vehicle. Another addition to the vehicle was the inclusion of a semi-automatic transmission. Within the crew compartment was space for five. This included the driver and radio operator which were situated in the front, as well as loader in the hull and the commander and gunner in the turret. Due to the Tiger Is weight, it was not capable of using most bridges. As a result, the first 495 produced featured a fording system that allowed the tank to pass through water 4 meters deep. A time consuming process to use, it was dropped in later models which were only capable of fording 2 meters of water. Tiger I crew making track repairs in the field. Bundesarchiv, Bild 101I-310-0899-15 / Vack / CC-BY-SA 3.0 Production Production on the Tiger began in August 1942 in order to rush the new tank to the front. Extremely time-consuming to build, only 25 rolled off the production line in the first month. Production peaked at 104 per month in April 1944. Badly over-engineered, the Tiger I also proved expensive to build costing more than twice as much as a Panzer IV. As a result, only 1,347 Tiger Is were built as opposed to over 40,000 American M4 Shermans. With the arrival of the Tiger II design in January 1944, Tiger I production began to wind down with the last units rolling out that August. Operational History Entering combat on September 23, 1942, near Leningrad, the Tiger I proved formidable but highly unreliable. Typically deployed in separate heavy tank battalions, Tigers suffered high breakdown rates due to engine problems, the overly complicated wheel system, and other mechanical issues. In combat, Tigers had the ability to dominate the battlefield as T-34s equipped with 76.2 mm guns and Shermans mounting 75 mm guns were unable to penetrate its frontal armor and only had success from the side at close range. Due to the superiority of the 88 mm gun, Tigers often had the ability to strike before the enemy could reply. Though designed as a breakthrough weapon, by the time they saw combat in large numbers Tigers largely were used to anchor defensive strong points. Effective in this role, some units were able to achieve kill ratios exceeding 10:1 against Allied vehicles. Despite this performance, the Tigers slow production and high cost relative to its Allied counterparts made such a rate insufficient to overcome the enemy. Through the course of the war, the Tiger I claimed 9,850 kills in exchange for losses of 1,715 (this number includes tanks recovered and returned to service). The Tiger I saw service until the end of the war despite the arrival of the Tiger II in 1944. Fighting the Tiger Threat Anticipating the arrival of heavier German tanks, the British began development of a new 17-pounder anti-tank gun in 1940. Arriving in 1942, QF 17 guns were rushed to North Africa to help deal with the Tiger threat. Adapting the gun for use in an M4 Sherman, the British created the Sherman Firefly. Though intended as a stopgap measure until newer tanks could arrive, the Firefly proved highly effective against the Tiger and over 2,000 were produced. American forces with a captured Tiger I tank in North Africa, 1943. US Army Arriving in North Africa, the Americans were unprepared for the German tank but made no effort to counter it as they did not anticipate seeing it in significant numbers. As the war progressed, Shermans mounting 76 mm guns had some success against Tiger Is at short range and effective flanking tactics were developed. In addition, the M36 tank destroyer, and later the M26 Pershing, with their 90 mm guns also were capable of achieving victory. On the Eastern Front, the Soviets adopted a variety of solutions for dealing with the Tiger I. The first was to restart production of the 57 mm ZiS-2 anti-tank gun which possessed the penetrative power pierce the Tigers armor. Attempts were made to adapt this gun to the T-34 but without meaningful success. In May 1943, the Soviets fielded the SU-152 self-propelled gun which used in an anti-tank role proved highly effective. This was followed by the ISU-152 the next year. In early 1944, they began production of the T-34-85 which possessed an 85 mm gun capable of dealing with the Tigers armor. These up-gunned T-34s were supported in the wars final year by SU-100s mounting 100 mm guns and IS-2 tanks with 122 mm guns.

How the Geography of Greece Influenced Greek History

The geography of Greece has led to many events in Greek History, such as an internal and external war among city-states. Throughout Greek History, geography played a major role in the development of Greek culture. Mountain ranges in Greece caused isolation of city-states, allowed for small areas of land to be cultivated and provided an agriculture barrier, while the water such as the Mediterranean Sea was used to communicated with the outside world. The water surrounding Greece, like the Mediterranean Sea held a positive impact on Greek development. The Mediterranean Sea provided a way for cultural diffusion to occur. As Greeks tried to migrate to different lands due to an increase in their population, they built homes near the Mediterranean Sea. While settling here they brought Greek culture and it spread to other groups of peoples â€Å"as they fought, traded and intermarried with their non-Greek neighbors† (Strayer 124). Due to the Greeks being surrounded by bodies of wat er they inhabited islands, like the Aegean Islands, near Greece and became skilled sailors. By using the ability to sail and settling in the islands this would allow for Greek culture to diffuse into other places such as the Mediterranean. When the Greeks inhabited the Aegean Islands they did not use it for agricultural purposes because of the lack of fertile land, however it still was an advantage to Greece as a cultural cross road where different people and their cultures could join without oneShow MoreRelatedGreek Culture and its Influences Today Essay1160 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Greek civilization is alive; it moves in every breath of mind that we breathe; so much of it remains that none of us in one lifetime could absorb it all.† Ancient Greeks are known to be one of the greatest and most advanced people and have left behind a legacy that helped define the Western civilization. Cultural diffusion helped spread Greek culture all over the world, and its effects can still be felt today in almost every aspect. Greek culture has greatly affected different parts of my dailyRead Morehis112 r3 Ancient Civilizations and the Greek World Matrix1457 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿University of Phoenix Material Ancient Civilizations and the Greek World Matrix Complete the matrix by entering cultural, political, and economic developments that had lasting effects or that are significant of each civilization. The table includes one example. Civilization Cultural Developments Political Developments Economic Developments Mesopotamian Developed the beginnings of astronomy and mathematics Believed in many gods not just one. Emergence of Kings, exercised distinct political ratherRead MoreThe Persian Royal Road Improve Governing And Communism Essay1737 Words   |  7 PagesRoyal Road improve governing and communism in the Persian Empire? The Persian Royal Road was very beneficial for governing and communication because it allowed people to go throughout the empire efficiently. According to the Behistun inscription, how does Darius the first justify his assumption to power and why is his relationship to Ahuramazda significant? He says that he has power because Ahuramazda gave him control of the kingdom. Because he was chosen by the god, nobody would ever think toRead MoreThe Persian Invasion Of Greece3806 Words   |  16 PagesIntroduction Through the manuscripts of Herodotus, an ancient historian who hailed from the mountainous lands of Greece, modern day historians have been granted the ability to piece together the multitude of events that supposedly transpired during the years 480 and 479 BC between the Persian empire and the city-states of the classical Greece (Herodotus). The second Persian invasion of Greece, which took place in the previously mentioned years, was a part of the many series of battles and encountersRead MoreThe Marxist Theory Is The Political And Economic Theories Influenced By German Theorists852 Words   |  4 Pagesto produce goods and services, also known as mode of production. The relationships among people and people’s relationships to the forces of production are how decisions were made about what to do with the outcomes. The Marxist theory recognizes several typical modes of production and characteristics of different periods in our past history (McIntyre, pg28) These modes of production includes: â€Å"Primitive communism† which had no categorized social class structures or capital growth, â€Å"Asiatic mode†Read MoreThe Ancient Inventions Of The Future994 Words   |  4 Pagesworld. In addition, His Knowledge even influenced boundless minds like Plato, who help make gigantic pushes in geometry. Or Aristotle, who mad giant leaps in astronomy (also made a theory that the earth was round in about 384 B. C.). therefore, a new era of philosophy was inaugurated and the course of western civilization was decisively shaped. Modern mathematics, Medicine, and cartography was all modernized during this age of philosophy. Without the Greeks, present ideals and the way we live ourRead MoreAncient Greece : Civilization1925 Words   |  8 Pagescivilization. Without books, history is silent, literature dumb, science crippled, thought and speculation at a standstill, once stated American historian and author, Barbara Tuchman (Barbara Tuchman Quote.). M yths have surpass many centuries of discoveries and disasters leaving their own mark. No matter the culture a certain myth comes from it is created to teach values and morals of the society they arose from. The lessons which each individual myth provides can range from how to treat guests to theRead MoreCompare and Contrast Essay: Ancient Egypt and Greece2939 Words   |  12 PagesCompare and contrast essay: Ancient Egypt and Greece The ancient Egyptian and ancient Greek civilizations are two of the oldest known civilizations in our history. The Egyptian civilization, based in the eastern part of North Africa, is believed to have started around 3150 BC and continued till the end of the Pharaoh rule in 31 BC. The ancient Greek civilization is believed to have been in effect from 1100 BC till about 146 BC. Many similarities and differences existed between these two civilizationsRead MoreAncient Greece s Influence On Western Civilization2158 Words   |  9 PagesMuch can be said about the Greeks and their contribution to Western Civilization greatly and how they paved the way. The Greeks subsidized Western Civilization greatly, contributing areas of architecture, government, and many more. The Greeks built the Parthenon, a temple dedicated the infamous goddess Athena, who they viewed as there patron. The famous temple has columns and groundwork that characterizes Greek architecture. The architects were concerned w ith conducting a sense of perfect balanceRead MoreThe City Of Sparta And Athens1750 Words   |  7 PagesTwentieth century feminists would look upon the city of Sparta with great pride knowing that women were at one point in history, equal to their male counterparts. The city of Sparta can easily be seen as giving women the honor and empowerment they deserve as equal contributors and members of society. Throughout the archaic and classical periods, Sparta was an important Greek city state located in the â€Å"Eurotas valley of Laconia in the southeast Peloponnese† (Cartwright). The Eurotas valley was fertile

Cultural Assimilation and American Music Artists Free Essays

good afternoon everyone, today i am going talk about the impact of americanization, First of all i will talk abiut some background of americanization and then i will talk about the positive and negative impact of it. what does americanisation mean? The word, of couse has many meanings,definitions and descriptions. the impact and influence of the US on the culture, politics,business practices and technology of other countries. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Assimilation and American Music Artists or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nowadays, people view America in the form of a role model and a leader in influencing other countries and have their culture blended in. deals, traditions, and ways of life. Do you notice that American culture has gradually assimilated into our society? Have you ever thought of how Americanization affects our daily life? However, it can be argued that the American culture domination poses a threat to culture diversity. Ranging from Hollywood, popular music, fast food to Disney cartoons, the world in which we live in would be imbued with less local colour. Unique festivals and rites celebrated by people of different culture round the world which filled the world with vibrancy are on the verge of extinction. In addition, americanisation can also have other downsides,American culture has affected the mentality of Asians; such as increase in the number of abortion rates, illegitimate children and the surge in the number of single parents in there. Traditionally, were very conservative and the abovementioned problems were uncommon and condemned. This shows that the American culture has indirectly affected the mentality of Asians; although people generally disapprove of single parenting and abortion, the statistics prove otherwise. The spread of American media including TV, film and American music artists, has been the main component of Americanization of other countries. American TV shows are broadcast around the world. Many of the shows are broadcast through American broadcasters and their subsidiaries such as HBO Asia, CNBC Europe, Fox Channel and CNN International. All of what is known as the â€Å"big four† American broadcasters have international distributors, for example HBO broadcasts to over 20 countries. Many of these distributors broadcast mainly American programming on their TV channels. How to cite Cultural Assimilation and American Music Artists, Essay examples

3 Idiots Essay Essay Example

3 Idiots Essay Essay 3 Idiots is a Bollywood movie that released worldwide on 25th December 2009. It was produced by Vidhu Vinod Chopra and directed by Rajkumar Hirani. The movie has three histrions playing the lead functions. hence the movie is named 3 Idiots. The three lead histrions are: Aamir Khan. Sharman Joshi and R Madhavan. These three are the superb pupils of their several high schools. While Boman Irani portrays the function of the college manager of the college which these three pupils join after graduating from their high schools. Besides. there is a little function played by Kareena Kapoor. She is the taking lady of the movie and plays the function of the director’s girl. We will write a custom essay sample on 3 Idiots Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on 3 Idiots Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on 3 Idiots Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The movie displays the importance of acquisition and instruction in our lives. The movie trades with the instruction system in India and how the pupils are unable to get by up to the force per unit area because of the inordinate sums of tests and assignments. 3 Idiots is a narrative of three bright pupils who have acquired a GPA of 10. 00 ( on a graduated table of 10. 00 ) in their high schools. They enter the most esteemed college for technology in India: The Imperial College of Engineering. Rancho is a character played by Aamir Khan. He loves machines and that is the ground he wants to prosecute mechanical technology. Raju. the character played by Sharman Joshi doesn’t unrecorded life to the fullest. He is scared of the assignments and tests. He wants to work really difficult and acquire a good occupation as he comes from a hapless household and he is the merely 1 to back up his household. Farhan is the name of the character played by R Madhavan. Farhan wants to be a wildlif e lensman but he joins the college of technology because his male parent wants him to be a mechanical technology as he has really good classs in his school. While Viru Sahastrabuddhe is the manager of the college which is played by Boman Irani. Viru is a really rigorous professor and maintains his force per unit area upon his pupils. There is an incident in the movie which shows that a pupil commits suicide because he doesn’t supply sufficient clip to him for finishing the undertaking. The pupils are unable to take such force per unit area and they believe that it’s clip for them to stop their life. This is a true state of affairs and such force per unit area exists in most of the colleges in India. Rancho loves technology so he doesn’t have jobs with the tests and assignments. While Raju and Farhan are unable to acquire good classs as they feel the force per unit area of the instruction system. Rancho asks Farhan to alter his field of survey from technology to wildlife picture taking as Farhan ever wanted to go a wildlife lensman. He advises Raju to set away his fright and it would assist him to win in his test. In the 3rd twelvemonth of technology recruiters hire pupils. Viru says that Raju and Farhan would merely be able to acquire the occupations merely when they pass with good classs in the concluding test. To intentionally neglect them he sets the paper himself. increasing the trouble degree. Viru’s girl Pia comes to cognize about this. s o she informs Rancho. Rancho tries to steal the paper and is caught by the manager. He decided to rusticate all the three for their act. Pia informs his male parent about the existent ground that took her brother’s life. Viru thought that his boy had died in a auto accident but subsequently he comes to cognize that he committed suicide as he didn’t want to prosecute technology. He was forced by his male parent to go an applied scientist while he wanted to analyze literature. This is the ground why he committed self-destruction. Knowing this truth he decides non to rusticate the three pupils. This movie is based on a novel by Chetan Bhagat titled Five Point Someone- What Not To Make At IIT. Bhagat’s novel besides involves the same three lead characters but with different names. The rubric of the fresh â€Å"Five Point Someone† is based on the five point graduated table which is used to cipher the GPA at the Indian Institute of Technology. Chetan Bhagat is being regarded as the ‘biggest selling English writer in India’s history ’ ( Chandrakar ) . Chetan Bhagat feels really proud that his book and his message have received a wider audience because of the movie. Peoples presents are less likely to read a book. So. the message of the writer is spread throughout the universe where the movie would be released. Chetan Bhagat is a outstanding Indian author who has written several other bestselling novels such as 2 States. One Night at a Call Center and 3 Mistakes of My Life. All of these are being made into different films. The movie 3 Idiots finely portrays the instruction system of India by demoing precisely what happens with the pupils of a peculiar technology college. Students have to get by up with high sums of force per unit area to go through the test. Committing self-destruction is non a solution to the job. but contending against the system to better it can work out the job to a certain extent. This movie shows that Rancho argues with the manager to do him understand that the manner of instruction is wrong and he blames the system for this. During an academic twelvemonth pupils have several tests to take which involves huge course of studies and besides undertakings need to be completed within a short span of clip. The movie besides motivates people to analyze what they like and non what their parents would inquire them to. The manager of the movie makes an attempt to expose the critical status of the instruction system of India in the signifier of a superb film which is entertaining and besides sends an of import message out to the viewing audiences.

Airport Extension Project essays

Airport Extension Project essays The airport runway extension took place on a large international airport that was in need of a mile long runway to accommodate the newer bigger jumbo jets to be produced in the near future. In order to fulfill this requirement, their largest runway needed to be extended 1000 feet. However, the budget and time restraints required that the project begin on February 1, 1999, be finished in 18 months, and cost less that 8 million dollars. This airport had one major problem. The longest runway could only be extended over a large ravine that housed a four lane interstate highway and three sets of operating railroad tracks. This dilemma greatly increased the time and cost of the project; however, with the use of detailed scheduling and estimating, the project was made to easily fall within the time and cost requirements. BJG Construction began on both the railroad and the highway tunnel, and everything went smoothly until the lid construction began. The beams that were involved in the lid construction were ordered at the start of the project and were to be delivered within 12 weeks. However, due to complications at the supplier, the delivery date was pushed back a full 13 weeks which immediately pushed this task onto the critical path. Furtherm...

10 Things I Learned about Sales from Selling Gum

10 Things I Learned about Sales from Selling Gum On March 7th, I joined a new group to hone my sales skills. Sales Lab, a class at The Wright Foundation, is a place to get coaching and accountability around my sales activities. On my first day, I was asked to share about my business for a few minutes, and then the leader said these terrifying words: â€Å"Your first assignment †¦ is †¦ to sell gum. You must sell it for no less than 25 cents per piece, and you are to sell it in as many different ways as possible, for as much as possible.† My heart rate skyrocketed. Sell gum? Are you kidding me? I learned from my dad at a young age that gum chewing was a bad thing, and that I should never do it. I can count on my two hands the number of times I have chewed gum in my life. And now I was going to sell it? Wow, maybe I wasn’t cut out for this. Then I remembered that I am someone who does not get stopped by fear – and that I could start with baby steps. So I called a friend, who connected me with another friend who works at Wrigley. She gave me some ideas of what could work best for selling gum. She warned me that gum does not sell well online. People like to have it in front of them for impulse purchases. Further research entailed a Facebook message asking my friends what their favorite gum was, and I immediately went out and bought the most popular ones. I wanted to have desirable gum in my possession when I asked people to make those impulse purchases! (A Facebook post asking people to buy gum predictably got exactly 0 responses, confirming the â€Å"in-person† hypothesis. But I’m going to try to disprove it – see below.) Hitting the Streets to Sell My first idea of how to sell gum for high prices was to sell it for charity. I thought it would be a lot easier to sell for a cause than just to walk up to people and ask them to buy gum for 25 ¢/piece. I started carrying gum everywhere. My first sale was in my yoga studio, where one of my fellow yoginis told me she would buy the gum so I would shut up (all in fun). I accepted her $5 check to give to the Clean Lakes Alliance. I continued asking people I know, and a few I didn’t, if they would like to buy gum to support the Clean Lakes Alliance. Pretty much everyone is a fan of this charity, so I didn’t have to work too hard. I raised over $100 in just a few days. I also brought gum to my business planning workday with ActionCOACH. With their permission, I raised money for a charity they support, B1G1. One participant, Mason Tikkanen of Motus Financial, bought a pack of Extra Spearmint gum for $20. One of my favorite moments was when Mason’s girlfriend heard about the transaction and said, â€Å"Mason, I want you to buy me a pack of gum!† Out came another $20 for a single pack. Selling purely for myself was harder. What would make someone spend 25 ¢ per piece of gum (or $1 for 4 pieces) when they could buy a whole pack for $1? I noticed how much more fear came up for me when I was not leaning on charity as a justification for my high prices. I tried â€Å"I’m selling gum. How much would you like to buy?† That worked with people who knew what I was up to. In some situations, I promoted the feature of a â€Å"variety pack† – You could get 4 different flavors of gum for $1. That’s something you don’t get in the stores. And you can’t buy just one piece of gum in the stores either. I got some mileage from that as well as from â€Å"I’m doing this for a class.† 10 Sales Lessons from Selling Gum I count my gum selling project as a success. Here’s a list of some of the things I learned, in addition to the above: Relationship is key. People I knew, or who had a common connection with me, were more likely to buy than people I did not know. Sales can build relationship. I had more in-depth conversations with some of the people I sold to than I ever had before. Follow-up is also good for relationship. One woman let me know she didn’t like the gum I sold her. I gave her a couple of free pieces and I had a happy customer! When I’m selling, I often feel very alive as I think of new, creative ideas, especially when they work – and I often feel hurt when I experience rejection. This is all part of the game. People spend money when they think they will make someone else happy, or when the money is going to charity. One woman started with a no, but then got excited about wrapping the gum in a bow and give it to her daughter, along with a sweet note. Giving free tastes leads to more sales. Many people do not carry cash, but they will pay by Venmo, PayPal, Chase QuickPay, etc. If they want to buy, they’ll find a way. People don’t buy under pressure. The best time to sell things is when people are hanging around and not trying to get somewhere. If you are a pet owner, be careful if you buy anything with Xylitol. As healthy as Xylitol might be for humans, it’s very harmful to pets! A huge majority of gum chewers want minty gum. That’s why the minty gum is so prominent in drug store aisles. Juicy Fruit just doesn’t take care of coffee breath. It’s often cheaper to buy gum in single packs than in multi-packs. No bulk discounts for consumers in this market. Wanna Play? My gum sales are going to end at the end of the day today, March 20th. You have a chance to buy some gum from me! No obligation of course, but if you think this would be fun, then please play with me! I have flavors like Orbit Wintermint, Extra Spearmint, Trident Strawberry, and Spry Peppermint, Spearmint, and Cinnamon. I’ll get different flavors if they are your favorites. If you’d like to have some fun with gum, pick 4 or more pieces you want and I’ll mail you a special package of your chosen gum. It will be in a cute bag and everything. Minimum purchase is $1 and you can buy as much as you want at minimum 25 ¢/piece. You can pay by Venmo (@Brenda-Bernstein), PayPal (brenda.bernstein@att.net), or Chase QuickPay (brenda.bernstein@att.net). I might be crazy, but life is all about risk, so I’m doing this! Curious to see how you respond. Category:Blog ArticleBy Brenda BernsteinMarch 19, 2018 2 Comments Larry says: March 20, 2018 at 8:45 am Lesson Number 1- Dont try to sell gum to someone who has been having major dental work. (Which is why I cant help you out this time.) Lesson Number 2 This one Ive learned from your posting. Sales of low cost items to consumers is quite different than sales of high cost items to businesses. (Back when I sold global computer online solutions to top corporations for GE, they gave us several sales courses that went into exact wording to use at various points, flowcharts, etc. that worked!) Lesson Number 3 I wish I could remember how I sold the most of some similar item when I came in first for my Hebrew School, a long time ago. Lesson Number 4 My mother (of blessed memory) took up gum chewing when she gave up smoking. So perhaps finding a source of people who quit smoking might be one approach. I do agree that building relationships is important. The question is whether you can successfully do that remotely over social networking? Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: March 20, 2018 at 8:57 am Thanks for your insights, Larry! True no gum for anyone with dental issues. It sticks to things. Regarding the relationships over social networking, I believe its possible. When I sent out an offer last week to get my LinkedIn Profile Review service for $50 for a limited time, 10 people stepped up to take advantage of the offer. I believe they felt a level of relationship and trust with me because of my ongoing writing and visibility. Many of them had been following me for years. When I spoke with them, I felt like we knew each other on some level, even though our only connection is that they have been reading my blog. That level of connection might not be enough to sell gum, but well see! Log in to Reply

The Global Trade Distribution Processes of Coca-Cola company Essay

The Global Trade Distribution Processes of Coca-Cola company - Essay Example Entry into a new market may require products to be changed in order to suit the preferences and tastes of the new foreign market. Multinationals are to be aware of the best stores for their products, the features most valued by the foreign audience, and the right prices to set for the products. This document covers Coca-Cola Company (from here on known as Coke); a beverage company that sells and distributes more than four hundred brands in two hundred countries around the globe (Coca-Cola, 2011); critically analyzing its success with respect to its international distribution strategies and processes while evaluating the issues involved in its quest for global dominance in the soft drinks and beverages industry. Distribution is defined by Daniels, Radebaugh and Sullivan (2011) as â€Å"the course, physical path or legal title that goods take between production and consumption. In international marketing, a company must decide on the method of distribution among countries as well as t he method within the country where final sale occurs.† The choice of a distributor and channel is the first step towards foreign market distribution. According to Daniels, Radebaugh and Sullivan (2011), a new company in a new market should rely entirely on external distributors as it is economical. This is a case where the new company distributes its products via other local distributors due to an under-developed market. However, the company can assume in house distribution once the market share is large. In Belarus, the market is not large and as a result, Coke relies on local distributors to handle transportation of products to retailers and final consumers in order to cut on their transportation costs (Daniels, Radebaugh and Sullivan, 2011). The US is one of the largest markets for the company’s products and as a result, the company has developed a business model that is mature and with distribution. Here, the company has outsourced its distribution and production to its distribution and bottling companies. The process involves marketers distributing Coke products (syrup) from Coke plants to bottling plants from where the canned and bottled products are distributed to centres and later they find their way to the final consumer or retail outlets (Kant, Jacks and Aantjes, 2008). Reports reveal that China will eventually surpass the U.S to become the Coke’s largest market (Chung, 2003). In China, Coke operates its own direct-to-retail distribution but the operation is faced by a slow growth accounting for just a fraction of the country’s Coke sales. The company has at least one sales centre in most Chinese cities housing more than one million people but most are owned by bottling companies (Weisert, 2001). The poor distribution of these stores in the country can be associated with inaccessibility and the culture of the Chinese people. A company looking for foreign distributors will typically opt for potential distributors. Among the common criteria followed when choosing these distributors is the financial strength of the company as well as its well-established connections. Since the relationship between the producer and the distributor is expected to be long lasting, the financial strength of the distributor is vital. In addition, the relationship will involve maintenance of certain things like inventories and as such assurances need to be made

Business Valuation and Financial Analysis Essay

Business Valuation and Financial Analysis - Essay Example ATO is an indicator of the efficiency of utilization of assets to generate earnings for the company, and a forecast of this indicator ATO is provided in table no. 2. The value forecasted is considered to be stable over the next five years. Furthermore, it was necessary to forecast the net dividend payout and taking into consideration that it is usually a stable indicator over the years, it was considered to be 35%. The small percentage considered has the intuition that the company will reinvest the other part of the profit in investments, which can provide growth to the company (Fabozzi and Drake, 2009). The forecast for this indicator is provided in table no. 4. The last indicator forecasted was the after-tax cost of debt, which is important considering also the level of leverage of the company (depicted in figure no. 2). The value for this indicator is considered to be stable and is provided in table no. 5. The forecasted leverage is decreasing for the period 2011-2013, and after that is considered an increase in the amount of borrowed resources. A higher leverage ratio can be attractive for the company because debt is deductible, and can be more beneficiary for the company. In order asses the company’s performance for past years and opportunities for the future years, it were analyzed some financial ratios because (Elliot and Elliot, 2011). These financial ratios were computed by using information from the balance sheet and income statement. According to Needles and Powers (2010), the liquidity ratios (e.g. current, quick ratios) measure the company’s ability to meet its short-term obligations. An overview of the most important financial ratios is provided in table no. 6. In order to reach the forecasted sales growth ratios the company will need to invest more in marketing for its products, and probably a more

Cause of Ethnic Conflict in the Middle East

Cause of Ethnic Conflict in the Middle East Politics and the Economy of the Contemporary Middle East:  Explain the cause of the ethnic conflicts in the Middle East. When referring to the nature of any conflict, it must be emphasized that no conflict is a result of a single cause. Various conflicts and rivalries which appear to be a big threat to the Middle East and Northern Africa, are also an important menace for global security. The conflicts escalated especially after the end of the era of colonialism, when territorial issues started to emerge in the region, due to the fact that the whole region was segmented to be under the mandates of several Western countries. (Bleich, 2005) This kind of conflicts can appear not only on an interstate level, but also, in many cases they can be observed on an inner-state level. Causes for these conflicts widely vary, having grounds on religious, ethnic, political and social aspects. Each of the factors constituting the conflict creates certain dynamics in generating the latter. Thus, it makes the process of understanding it fairly troublesome. On the face, one can argue that peoples living in the Middle East are highly undesirable to have any conflicts, especially the Arab population of the territory, provided that most of it shares not only the same religion, but also fairly similar traditions and history. In this essay I will try to explain the intertwined relations of ethnicity and religion as an originator of conflict, and I will try to provide the causes of ethnic conflicts in the Middle East both from inner-state and inter-state aspects, backing them up with case studies of Arab-Israeli confrontation and the Kurdish issues in Turkey, Iran and Iraq. Even long before the latest happenings of the Arab Spring, religion was recognized as an engine of Arab politics. The elections held in 2011 in Tunisia and Egypt, where Muslim Brothers and Salafist partners together won two-third of the assemblies speak in favour of the arguments that give support for the idea of political Islam. (Fakir, 2014) Even though those in lead of Middle East maintained control over religious sector of their countries, (best proof of which are al-Azhar in Egypt, Muffis in Saudi Arabia, direct influence in Iraq in case of Sadam Husein) the great pains taken by them, turned out to be not strong enough to iron out the appeal of religion. (Juergensmeyer, 2013) However, the assertion that religion occupies central role in the given conflicts is not totally justified, the best proof of which is zero involvement of Shi’a minority and Copts in Egypt, the Christian and Baha’i minorities in Iran in rebellion of 1988, irrespective of undergoing high level of religious discrimination. (Juergensmeyer, 2013) Most part of the ethnic minorities failed to accomplish their aspirations for having an autonomous state which is likely to result in future periodic confrontations. One of the major ethnic conflicts happening in this region is the issue of Kurdish people living on the territories of several countries in the Middle East. This is an issue of high priority in Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran, and its significance keeps growing bigger paralleled with the population of Kurdish people, who appear to be one of the biggest nations in the world, who do not have an official state (30-40 million people). (Roy, 2011) The rise of the national identity among the Kurdish people has always been a complex and controversial process. The high risk of tension is still present in the Northern part of Iraq which is mostly inhabited by the Kurdish people. It is a potential source of a great number of confrontations between Kurds and the Iraqi government. Consisting of series of wars it broke out shortly after the collapse of Ottoman Empire to last until the invasion of Iraq in the year 2003. The first phase of Iraqi-Kurdish confrontation dates back to World War I and the arrival of British forces. It was back then when the leader of Series of Kurdish uprisings against British mandate declared the short-to-leave the â€Å"Kurdish Kingdom†. Ultimately it resulted in fail. Decades that ensued saw several more attempts to negotiate and fight against Iraqi rule, however, it was not until 1961 when history witnessed First Iraqi-Kurdish War followed by negotiation stage the unfruitful nature of which triggered hostility to start second phase of the confrontation known as Second Iraqi Kurdish War. The consequence was reinvasion of the northern part of the country by Iraqi government. The recharge of the conflicts involving Kurdish parties on one side and Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein on the other was witnessed by 1986 with Kurds gaining military backup from Iran. (Fox, 2005) This is the pe riod when Iraqi government implemented a campaign which brought death to estimate of around 50.000 to 100.000 people. (Human Rights Watch, 1992) Rebellions that shook Iraq after the War in Gulf saw merely Kurds to document a success, that of unrecognized autonomy in the non-fly zone. However, this was by far not the most considerable gain of Kurdish struggle. With the overthrow of Saddam rule recognition of autonomy was reached. Even after the Gulf War, when the soil for creating an independent entity was given inner struggle (between two leading parties that of Kurdish Democratic Party and Patriotic Union of Kurds) stood wall to the way of national victory. (Fox, 2005) The case of Iraq shows that Kurdish people, being a minority in an Arab country, although most part of the minority having the same religion with Iraqi Arabs, sharing a history of several centuries as well as sharing their culture and traditions, still claimed independence, mostly due to the large population number ( an estimated 6 million people) (Roy, 2011), and the idea of self-determination, accompanied with the ethnic tensions towards Kurds by the Iraqi government. The roots of the Kurdish issue in modern day Turkey are documented as early as the desolation of the Ottoman Empire, while the first documents proving the existence of this ethnic group in this area date back to 10th and 11th centuries. (BOÄÅ ¾AZÄ °Ãƒâ€¡Ãƒâ€žÃ‚ ° UNIVERSITY, 2006) Since the early era of the Ottoman Empire, Kurds lived in peace with the local peoples, the historical fact that triggered the ethnic conflict, which still has a big impact on the development of the latter is the Treaty of Sevres, according to which the Kurds were promised a vast territory, which they called Kurdistan. The promised lands were never given to the Kurdish people provided that the treaty was cancelled because of the great pains taken by the Turkish newly born democratic government. But the struggle to get a personal homeland existed ever since the signing of the treaty. The most significant reasons for the Kurdish issue are the economic underdevelopment of the Kurd populated regions, along with the political lawlessness of the Kurdish population, the passive development of the social and cultural life and the ignorance of Turkish government towards the Kurdish national human rights. The aspiration of the Kurdish people for self-determination and the desire to play a political role proportional to its population in Turkey, also gives a firm background for the escalation of the conflict. Another major factor is the geopolitical location of the so-called â€Å"Turkish Kurdistan† which is considered to be in the very central part of Middle East and although it has always been a vast arena for endless wars throughout the history, the state policy of the Turkish government clearly prompts that the idea of independent Kurdistan will never come true. The conflict between Israel and Palestine, which then developed to a bigger scale confrontation between most of the Arab world and Israel is a good example of a range of inter-state conflicts. The precise start date of the Arab-Israeli conflict is not clearly documented as far as the fight over the territory has lasted for a considerable period of time. Central subject of which appears to be the dispute over drawing clear borders between the two countries. Undoubtedly the conflict is considerably more controversial and complex. To fully understand the causes behind the conflict between Arab and Israeli people one should not downsize the number of various factors, which trigger the escalation of the tension. On contrary, a holistic approach should be applied and even the smallest constituents are to count in order to get the real picture. After the United Nations resolution 181, Jews, who counted less than one third of the inhabitance of the region, owning only eight percent of the te rritory were given the chance of owning more than fifty percent of the Palestinian territories. (UN, 1947) This gave birth to a fight between Jews and Palestinian Arabs to which a solution has not been found yet. Two confronting sides longing for homeland wanted to be gifted national independence with the help of the powerful British state, who was a big colonialist back then. Self-determination and the independence, not alien to the nature of the conflict, did not, however, occupy the central rule in its origin. Regardless of the appeal to label the conflict as ethnic or religious the fundamental cause is political, that is to say a fight for control over territories. The micro concepts which narrows down the nature of conflict to a religious aspect, thus blaming on Zionism and Jewish identity ignore the fact that Zionism is a political ideology whereas Judaism bears a religious and cultural nature. (WRMEA, 2014) Not minimizing the role of religion in the given conflict, it should be mentioned that when talking about conflicts and their causes religion, ethnicity and politics interconnect, giving birth to so-called political religion. Thus, the geopolitical nature of the given conflict, spanned throughout the whole Arab region, adding a large number of ethnic shades and transforming the allegedly ethnic conflict into a political conflict and back to an ethnic one, this time on a much bigger scale, which led to open anti-Semitic propaganda by many Arab leaders. (Adl.org, 2011) So, even if back at the roots the confrontation was more about gaining territories, further developments gave a solid ground to state that currently the nature of the latter is mostly ethnic. Taking into close considerations all the facts discussed above, we come to a conclusion that the accuracy is often lost in attempts to define the true nature of conflicts in Middle East due to the complicated and interrelated nature of the factors defining them. Territorial issues are considered to be as major causes for ethnic conflicts. Due to a number of migrations of the population, conquests, wars and other geopolitical processes the resettlement of nations was a common thing, which could lead to territorial claims. As an argument, both sides can bring up the fact that the disputed territory once belonged to either of them, which makes the solution a lot more complicated. Most part of ethnicities in the world does not own a state. (CIA, n.d.) Depending on the development level of their cultural, social, political and national self-consciousness or the fact that they used to have a state in the past, the idea of establishing a national state may emerge within a dependent ethnicit y. Inner-state ethnic conflicts may transform into big threats for national security of a certain country, and inter-state ethnic conflicts into a range of long-lasting wars and hatred between two or more ethnicities. Bibliography Civilizational, Religious, and National Explanations for Ethnic Rebellion in the Post-Cold War Middle East. Jewish Political Studies Review 13 (1-2) Spring, 2001 pp 177-204 Adl.org, (2011). ANTI-SEMITISM IN THE MUSLIM/ARAB WORLD. [online] Available at: http://www.adl.org/anti-semitism/muslim-arab-world/c/hamas-in-their-own-words.html#.VRP1FPnz2So [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015]. Bleich, E. (2005). The legacies of history? Colonization and immigrant integration in Britain and France. Theory and Society, 34(2), pp.171-195. BOÄÅ ¾AZÄ °Ãƒâ€¡Ãƒâ€žÃ‚ ° UNIVERSITY, (2006). The origin of Turkeys Kurdish question: an outcome of the breakdown of the Ottoman Ancien Regime. BOÄÅ ¾AZÄ °Ãƒâ€¡Ãƒâ€žÃ‚ ° UNIVERSITY. CIA, (1948). The Kurdish Minority Problem. [online] Available at: http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/89801/DOC_0000258376.pdf [Accessed 23 Mar. 2015]. CIA, (n.d.). Ethnic Groups. [online] CIA. Available at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2075.html [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015]. Fakir, I. (2014). Egypt’s example looms large in Tunisia’s elections. The Nationalist. [online] Available at: http://www.thenational.ae/opinion/comment/egypts-example-looms-large-in-tunisias-elections [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015]. Human Rights Watch, (1992). The 1991 Uprising in Iraq And Its Aftermath. [online] USA. Available at: http://www.hrw.org/reports/1992/Iraq926.htm [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015]. Juergensmeyer, M. (2013). Thinking globally pp 90-92 Klein, M. (2011). The Shift: Israel-Palestine From Border Struggle to Ethnic Conflict. Foreign Affairs, (Sept-Oct). Roy, S. (2011). The Kurdish Issue. Foreign Policy Journal. Snyder, M. (2014). Post-War Iraq: The Triangle of Ethnic Tensions. Harvard International Review, [online] 35(4). Available at: http://hir.harvard.edu/archives/5766 [Accessed 23 Mar. 2015]. UN, (1947). Partition Plan of Palestine. New York: The General Assembly of UN. Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, (2014). The Origins of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. [online] Available at: http://www.wrmea.org/the-origins-of-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict.html [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015].

The Burke-Litwin Casual model

Burke-Litwin Casual model is a model used by organizations to monitor organizational operations in terms of change and performance levels. The founders of the model were Litwin and some other people. In the 1980s Burke made the model more refined than they did (Burke & Litwin, 1992). Burke added some variables that make the model different from other models that had been in use. Burke-Litwin casual model is the latest model, more useful to organizations. The model has defined various variables that organizations should use for assessing their performances and changes. AT & T Structure.According to Burke-Litwin model, firms should have sound infrastructure systems such as duties and responsibilities, reports and authorities, communication and socialization that are geared towards meeting the organizations goals, strategies and missions. AT & T Corporation is a company that was established in the 1885. The company mission is to provide telecommunication services locally and internation ally. Their business strategy is to be efficient, affordable and competitive in the telecommunication sector as they maximize customer satisfaction. (Horton & Dorman, 2005).The company has been a provider of quality and highly reliable communication services for centuries. AT & T is well known for its wide range internet and multimedia services to both consumers and businesses worldwide. AT & T has more than two million customers in both private and governmental organizations, and in the domestic and international markets. AT&T applies departments and mechanistic style of management. The company is highly reputable in long distance communication services for both businesses and consumers all over the world. The structure of AT&T fits well with the Burke-Litwin model. (Horton & Dorman, 2005). Tasks and SkillsAccording to Burke & Litwin model, there are specific qualities and capabilities required for a person to fit in a given position (Burke & Litwin, 1992). An organization in busin ess should therefore check on that when recruiting members. AT & T emphasizes on high skilled staff to provide quality services to the customer. The company has highly invested on technology, innovations, high skills and dedicated customer care. These are the core competence factors. Dedicated customer care has attracted an increased number of customers and integrated network as a technology use has made AT & T to improve on communication services (Horton & Dorman).These factors makes AT & T fit the Burke & Litwin model Management practices According to Burke & Litwin (1992), organizations should assess how the managers deal with the other workers. For a success the employees should be given a chance to participate fully in developing an organization. In AT &T employees are allowed to take part in the production processes depending on which area they are specialized in. The organization calls for a teamwork and dedication. The management has always believed on partnerships to make t hem achieve their goals (Horton & Dorman, 2005).For instance they partnered with CBS hence a participatory management. This fits with the Burke & Litwin model. Systems and Policies Systems are the policies and mechanisms used in an organization as standards to facilitate quality improvements. These may include communication, sales and marketing, production methods (Burke & Litwin, 2005). According to Horton & Dorman (2005), AT & T believes on quality productions to satisfy the customers, hence the need for employing high skilled people. Sales and marketing is done by the sales and marketing team to sell the products.AT & T has specific charges for the customer services and also offer customized or personalized services to earn revenue. This is according to the Burke & Litwin model. Work unit climate This is the impression given by the members of an organization towards the organizational performance. This will in return influence their interrelationship (Burke & Litwin, 2005). AT & T Company has no specific social structures. AT & T has always considered employing domestic workers in large numbers as compared to the international.The company always outsourced rather than train the workers for such services (Horton & Dorman, 2005). This will make the employees feel a sense of belonging and be committed to their work. This doesn’t fit with the Burke & Litwin model. Motivation According to Burke & Litwin (2005), this is an inward driving force that makes one take the recommended actions to achieve a required goal. Howard (1994), employees’ satisfaction will directly affect customer satisfaction. AT & T has no plans in place to ensure the employees are well catered for. The employees are not recognized to be rewarded for good performances.This may make some of them loss focus on their responsibilities (Horton & Dorman, 2005). This doesn’t fit with the Burke & Litwin model. Conclusion. AT & T has a functional or product departmentation structur e. This is because the company has its departments arranged according to the functions they offer like sales and marketing. The departments are also arranged depending products they produce for instance consumer products in consumer services department or segment (Horton & Dorman, 2005). AT & T has a culture for their operations to meet customer satisfaction and always work in partnership for quality.Through quality products, AT & T improved on the revenue (Denison, 1990). Reference: Burke, W. W. & Litwin, G. H. (1992), A causal model of organizational performance and change. Journal of Management, 18 (3), pp. 523-545. Denison, D. R. (1990), Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Horton, W. T. and Dorman, D. W. (2005), AT & T Corporation. Securities and Exchange Commission Washington, DC 20549. From 10-K/A. Howard, A. (Ed. ) (1994), Diagnosis for organizational change: Methods and models. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Dante Alighieris Road to Success Essay - 850 Words

To many outsiders, America is known as the Land of Opportunity. Many believe that by coming to this country that they will suddenly gain a new life. The American Dream is one that many philosophers have studied, and seems to this day very real, yet rare. However, the reason it isn’t very common isn’t strictly due to the economy, but the laziness that is acquainted with the term â€Å"freedom.† Dante Alighieri’s famous text The Inferno outlines many moral ideas. In this tale, a man named Dante the Pilgrim takes a voyage into Hell with Virgil. They go through many different levels and circles of Hell that each represents an important sin or crime. Though it is a highly controversial book, there is one specific passage that is important†¦show more content†¦Virgil states in his Dante’s tale: â€Å"‘Up on your feet! This is no time to tire!’ my Master cried. ‘The man who lies asleep will never waken fame, and his desire and all his life drift past him like a dream, and the traces of his memory fade from time like smoke in the air, or ripples on a stream†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pg. 207 lines 46-51) The importance of this is that if you don’t utilize your time alive, then your memory will go away. You can’t make history â€Å"going through the motions.† Therefore, to anyone who craves success, they must do as Virgil says. They must abandon their laziness, and go out there. Secondly, the theme of finding strength in oneself can be seen throughout Alighieri’s text The Inferno and the ways in which it helps success is inherent. In the passage, Virgil then states: â€Å"‘Now, therefore rise. Control your breath, and call upon the strength of soul that wins all battles unless it sink in the gross body’s fall.’† (pg. 207 lines 51-54) This is saying that you must control your breath. Anyone who has faced anxiety at one point in their life knows that breathing relate s to calmness. If anyone is facing a panic attack, calming one’s breathing helps to control the situation. Therefore, Virgil is telling Dante the Pilgrim to calm down. Then he say’s to call upon his strength. Many ask what this means†¦ and it’s not easy to answer. Many different people interpret it in their own way. Some say he said to call on

Genetic Engineering An Unnatural Cell Invasion Technology

Genetic engineering is a complex environmental health issue that presents several benefits and risks to both consumers and the environment. Genetic engineering is a technique used to produce genetically modified organisms (GMOs), which are genetically altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating or natural recombination (WHO, 2014). In other words, genetic engineering is an unnatural cell invasion technology. This technology is used to grow genetically modified (GM) plants, which are then used to produce GM crops. Genetically modified plants for food consumption include those engineered for herbicide tolerance, those engineered for insect resistance, and those engineered for viral resistance (Baite, 2003). The most common GM food crops include soybeans, corn, cotton, canola, potatoes, and tomatoes (Bonetta, 2001). Genetic engineering is used to express a gene that is not found naturally in the plant or to modify endogenous genes (Key, Ma, Drake, 2008). 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